Provide information that will help the user understand browsing context.
All users require clues to help them understand their "location" when browsing: where they are, how they got there, where they can go, and what's nearby. Some mechanisms that provide such clues through the user interface (visually, as audio, or as braille) include:
Orientation mechanisms such as these are especially important to users with serial access to content or who navigate sequentially. For instance, some users cannot scan a graphically displayed table with their eyes for information about a table cell's headers or neighboring cells. User agents need to provide other means for users to understand, for example, table cell relationships, frame relationships (what relationship does the graphical layout convey?), form context (have I filled out the form completely?), and link information (have I already visited this link?).
10.1
[P1] | - For graphical user agents that render tables, for each table cell, allow the user to view associated header information.
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10.2
[P1] | - Allow global configuration to highlight the following four classes of information in each viewport: the selection, content focus, enabled elements, and recently visited links.
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For graphical user interfaces, as part of satisfying provision one of this checkpoint, allow at least one configuration where the highlight mechanisms for the four classes of information:
- differ from each other, and
- do not rely on rendered text foreground and background colors alone.
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For graphical user interfaces, as part of satisfying provision one of this checkpoint, if a highlight mechanism involves text size, font family, rendered text foreground and background colors, or text decorations, offer at least the following range of values:
- for text size, the range required by provision three of checkpoint 4.1.
- for font family, the range required by provision three of checkpoint 4.2.
- for text foreground and background colors and decorations, the range offered by the conventional utility available in the operating environment for users to choose rendered text colors or decorations (e.g., the standard font and color dialog box resources supported by the operating system). If no such utility is available, the range supported by the conventional APIs of the operating environment for specifying text colors or drawing text.
- Highlight enabled elements according to the granularity specified in the format. For example, an HTML user agent rendering a PNG image as part of a client-side image map is only required to highlight the image as a whole, not each enabled region. An SVG user agent rendering an SVG image with embedded graphical links is required to highlight each (enabled) link that may be rendered independently according to the SVG specification.
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10.3
[P2] | - Extend the functionality required by provision two of checkpoint 10.2 by allowing configuration through a single setting.
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10.4
[P2] | - Make available to the user an "outline" view of rendered content, composed of labels for important structural elements (e.g., heading text, table titles, form titles, and other labels that are part of the content).
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10.5
[P3] | -
To help the user decide whether to traverse a link in content, make available the following information about it:
- link element content,
- link title,
- whether the link is internal to the resource (e.g., the link is to a target in the same Web page),
- whether the user has traversed the link recently, and
- information about the type, size, and natural language of linked Web resources.
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10.6
[P1] | - Highlight the viewport with the current focus (including any frame that takes current focus).
- For graphical viewports, as part of satisfying provision one of this checkpoint, provide at least one highlight mechanism that does not rely on rendered text foreground and background colors alone (e.g., use a thick outline).
- If the techniques used to satisfy provision one of this checkpoint involve rendered text size, font family, rendered text foreground and background colors, or text decorations, allow global configuration and offer same ranges of values required by provision three of checkpoint 10.2.
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10.7
[P3] | - Indicate the viewport's position relative to rendered content (e.g., the proportion of an audio or video clip that has been played, or the proportion of a Web page that has been viewed).
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